|
Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
|
Violence and Desire in BeijingA Young Chinese Woman's Strategies of Resistance in Father–Daughter Incest and Dating Relationships
Xiying Wang
Beijing Normal University
Petula Sik Ying Ho
University of Hong Kong
In Mainland China, there is a lack of public awareness of and systematic research on dating violence and incest. This article fills a gap in the research in this area by examining a woman's lived experience of father–daughter incest and dating violence. The article adopts the standpoint of third-wave feminists and highlights women's agency and resistance to abuse. Meng Xi, the subject of the case study in this article, is regarded as a "survivor" rather than a "victim," and her various strategies of resistance—in particular, how she talks about her body and linghun (intelligence soul), and uses the two as sites of resistance—are examined. The article sheds light on the desire and sexuality of women in contemporary China, and especially the struggle between spiritual and material pursuits.
Key Words: body dating violence desire incest resistance
References
- Ai, X. (2004a, Spring). Stop phallogocentrism: Review on the case of Huang Jing (Duan jue yang ju chong bai zhi gen: Zai lun huang jing yi an) . Feminism in China (Zhong guo nv xing zhu yi), 15-25 .
- Ai, X. (2004b, Spring). Striving for legal justice for Huang Jing: Our arguments and actions. (Wei huang jing zheng qu fa lv gong zheng: Wo men de guan dian he xing dong) . Feminism in China (Zhong gwo nv xing zhu yi), 2-14 .
- Ai, X. (2004c, Spring). When did the rape stop? Why? (Qiang jian he shi zhong zhi, wei shen mo zhong zhi?) Feminism in China (Zhong gwo nv xing zhu yi), 26-30 .
- Alcoff, L., & Gray, L. (1993). Survivor discourse: Transgression or recuperation? Signs, 18, 260-290 .[CrossRef]
- Allison, D. (1992). Bastard out of Carolina. New York: Penguin .
- Anagnost, A. (1994). The politicized body. In A. Zito & E. B. Tani (Eds.), Body subject and power in China (pp. 131-156). Chicago: University of Chicago Press .
- Armsworth, M.W., & Stronck, K. (1999). Intergenerational effects of incest on parenting: Skills, abilities, and attitudes . Journal of Counseling and Development, 77, 303-314 .[Web of Science]
- Bass, E., & Davis, L. (1994). The courage to heal: A guide for women survivors of child sexual abuse (3rd ed.). New York: HarperPerennial .
- Bell, V. (1993). Interrogating incest: Feminism, Foucault, and the law. London: Routledge .
- Burman, E. (1996). Psychology discourse practice: From regulation to resistance. London: Taylor & Francis .
- Butler, J. (1990). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. New York: Routledge .
- Butler, J. (1993). Bodies that matter. New York: Routledge .
- Carlitz, K. (1994). Desire, danger and the body: Stories of women's virtue in late Ming China. In C. K. Gilmartin, G. Hershatter, L. Rofel, & T. White (Eds.), Engendering China: Women, culture, and the state (pp. 101-124). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press .
- Certeau, M.D., Giard, L., Mayol, P., & Tomasik, T.J. (1998). The practice of everyday life. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press .
- Crossley, M.L. (2000). Deconstructing autobiographical accounts of childhood sexual abuse: Some critical reflections . Feminism and Psychology, 10, 73-90 .[CrossRef]
- DeKeseredy, W.S. (1989). Woman abuse in dating relationships: The role of peer support . Dissertation Abstracts International, 49(12-A,Pt.1), 3878 .
- DeKeseredy, W.S., & Kelly, K. (1995). Sexual abuse in Canadian university and college dating relationships: The contribution of male peer support . Journal of Family Violence, 10, 41-53 .[CrossRef][Web of Science]
- Denov, M.S. (2004). The longer-term effects of child sexual abuse by female perpetrators: A qualitative study of male and female victims . Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19, 1137-1156 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Dirlik, A., & Zhang, X. (2000). Introduction: Postmodernism and China. In A. Dirlik & X. Zhang (Eds.), Postmodernism and China (pp. i-vii). Durham, NC: Duke University Press .
- Doane, J., & Devon, H. (2001). Telling incest: Narratives of dangerous remembering from Stein to Sapphire. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press .
- Dunn, J.L. (2005). " Victims" and "survivors": Emerging vocabularies of motive for "battered women who stay ." Sociological Inquiry, 75, 1-30 .[CrossRef][Web of Science]
- Farrer, J. (2002). Opening up: Youth sex culture and market reform in Shanghai. Chicago: University of Chicago Press .
- Ferry, M.M. (2003a). Advertising, consumerism, and nostalgia for the new woman in contemporary China. Continuum , 17, 277-290.
- Ferry, M.M. (2003b). Marketing Chinese women writers in the 1990s, or the politics of self-fashions . Journal of Contemporary China, 12, 655-675 .[CrossRef]
- Fisher, N.L. (2003). Oedipus wrecked: The moral boundaries of incest . Gender & Society, 17, 92-110 .[Abstract]
- Foucault, M. (1976). The history of sexuality (Trans. R. Hurley). London: Penguin .
- Foucault, M. (1980). Power/knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings, 1972-1977 (Trans. C. Gordon, L. Marshall, J. Mepham, & K. Soper). Sussex, UK: Harvester .
- Fournier, V. (2002). Fleshing out gender: Crafting gender identity on women's bodies . Body and Society, 8(2), 55-77 .[CrossRef]
- Freud, S. (1977). Sigmund Freud on sexuality. London: Penguin .
- Gil, V.E., & Anderson, A.F. (1999). Case study of rape in contemporary China: A cultural-historical analysis of gender and power differentials . Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 5, 1151-1171 .
- Gilfus, M.E. (1999). The price of the ticket: A survivor-centered appraisal of trauma theory . Violence Against Women, 5, 1238-1257 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Gutting, G. (2002). Foucault's philosophy of experience . Boundary 2, 29(2), 69-85 .[Web of Science]
- Hay, J. (1994). The body invisible in Chinese art? In A. Zito & E. B. Tani (Eds.), Body subject and power in China (pp. 42-77). Chicago: University of Chicago Press .
- Hengehold, L. (2000). Remapping the event: Institutional discourses and the trauma of rape . Signs, 26, 189-214 .[CrossRef]
- Hester, M. (2004). Future trends and developments: Violence against women in Europe and East Asia . Violence Against Women, 10, 1431-1448 .[CrossRef][Web of Science]
- Ho, P.S.Y. (2001). Breaking down or breaking through: An alternative way to understand depression among women in Hong Kong. Journal for Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 10(3), 89-106 .[Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Ho, P.S.Y., & Tsang, A.K.T. (2005). Beyond the vagina-clitoris debate: From naming the sex organ to the reclaiming of the body . Women's Studies International Forum, 28, 529-534 .
- Ho, P.S.Y., Wong, H.W., & Cheng, S.L. (2005). The real deal or no big deal: Chinese women in Hong Kong and the orgasmic experience . Issues in Contemporary Culture and Aesthetics, 1, 177-187 .
- Ho, P.S.Y. (2007). Desperate housewives: The case of Chinese Si-Nais in Hong Kong . A filia, 22, 255-270 .
- Johansson, P. (1999). Consuming the other: The fetish of the Western woman in Chinese advertising and popular culture. Postcolonial Studies, 2, 377-388 .
- Knight, D.S. (2003). Shanghai cosmopolitan: Class, gender, and cultural citizenship in Weihui's Shanghai Babe . Journal of Contemporary China, 12, 639-653 .[CrossRef]
- Koss, M. (1988). Hidden rape: Incidence, prevalence and descriptive characteristics of sexual aggression and victimization in a national sample of college students. In A. W. Burgess (Ed.), Sexual assault (pp. 3-25) (Vol. 2). New York: Garland .
- Koss, M. (1989). Hidden rape: Sexual aggression and victimization in a national sample of students in higher education. In M. A. Pirog-Good & J. E. Stets (Eds.), Violence in dating relationships (pp. 145-168). New York: Praeger .
- Koss, M., & Oros, C. (1982). Sexual Experience Survey: A research instrument investigating sexual aggression and victimization . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 162-170 .
- Krieger, S. (1985). Beyond "subjectivity": The use of self in social science. Qualitative Sociology, 8, 309-324 .
- Kubin, W. (1993). Writing with your body: Literature as a wound—remarks on the poetry of Shu Ting. In T. E. Barlow (Ed.), Gender politics in modern China (pp. 137-150). Durham, NC: Duke University Press .
- Lamb, S. (Ed.). (1999). New versions of victims: Feminists struggle with the concept. New York: New York University Press .
- Larson, W. (2000). Women and the discourse of desire in post-revolutionary China: The awkward postmodernism of Chen Ren. In A. Dirlik & X. Zhang (Eds.), Postmodernism and China (pp. 201-223). Durham, NC: Duke University Press .
- Lempert, L.B. (1994). A narrative analysis of abuse: Connecting the personal, the rhetorical, and the structural . Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 22, 411-441 .[Abstract]
- Liu, L.H. (1993). Invention and intervention: The female tradition in modern Chinese literature. In E. B. Tani (Ed.), Gender politics in modern China (pp. 33-57). Durham, NC: Duke University Press .
- Liu, L.H. (1994). The female body and nationalist discourse: Manchuria in Xiao Hong's field of life and death. In A. Zito & E. B. Tani (Eds.), Body subject and power in China (pp. 157-180). Chicago: University of Chicago Press .
- Liu, S. (1998). The modernity of female Chinese literature (Zhong guo nv xing wen xue de xian dai xing) . Literature and Art Studies (Wen yi yan jui), 1, 90-101 .
- Lubell, A.K.N., & Peterson, C. (1998). Female incest survivors: Relationships with mothers and female friends . Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 13, 193-206 .[Abstract]
- MacCannell, D., & MacCannell, J.F. (1993). Violence, power and pleasure: A revisionist reading of Foucault from the victim perspective. In C. Ramazanoglu (Ed.), Up against Foucault: Exploration of some tensions between Foucault and feminism (pp. 203-238). London: Routledge .
- Makepeace, J.M. (1981). Courtship violence among college students . Family Relations, 32, 97-102 .
- Makepeace, J.M. (1983). Life events stress and courtship violence. Journal of Applied Family and Child Studies, 32, 101-109 .
- Makepeace, J.M. (1989). Dating, living together, and courtship violence. In M. A. Pirog-Good & J. E. Stets (Eds.), Violence in dating relationships (pp. 94-107). New York: Praeger .
- Mardorossian, C.M. (2002). Toward a new feminist theory of rape . Signs, 27, 743-775 .[CrossRef]
- McNay, L. (1992). Foucault and feminism: Power, gender and self. London: Polity .
- Meng, Y. (1993). Female images and national myth. In T. E. Barlow (Ed.), Gender and politics in modern China (pp. 118-136). Durham, NC: Duke University Press .
- Milwertz, C., & Bu, W. (2005, March 23). Popular feminist organizing in the People's Republic of China: Communicating oppositional gender equality knowledge . Paper presented at Emerging Social Movements in China meeting, Hong Kong University.
- Naples, N. (2003). Deconstructing and locating survivor discourse: Dynamics of narrative, empowerment, and resistance for survivors of childhood sexual abuse . Signs, 28, 1151-1185 .[CrossRef]
- Pan, S., & Yang, R. (2004). Sexuality of Chinese college students: A 10-year longitudinal nationwide random study (Xing ai shi nian: Quan guo da xue sheng xing xing wei de zhui zong diao cha). Beijing: Social Science Documentation Publishing House .
- Rachman, A.W. (2000). Ferenczi's "confusion of tongues" theory and the analysis of incest trauma . Psychoanalytic Social Work, 7, 27-53 .[CrossRef]
- Reinders, E. (2004). Blessed are the meat eaters: Christian antivegetarianism and the missionary encounter with Chinese Buddhism. East Asia Cultures Critique, 12, 509-537 .
- Sapphire. (1996). Push: A novel. New York: Knopf .
- Shilling, C. (2003). The body and social theory (2nd ed.). London: Sage .
- Shuku.net. (1997-1999). Lu Xun (in Chinese). Retrieved October 17, 2007, from http://www.shuku.net/novels/luxun/luxun.html
- Smith, D. (1987). The everyday world as problematic: A feminist sociology. Milton Keynes, UK: Open University Press .
- Smith, D. (1990). Texts, facts and femininity: Exploring the relations of ruling. London: Routledge .
- Sugarman, D.B., & Hotaling, G.T. (1989). Dating violence: Prevalence, context and risk markers. In M. A. Pirog-Good & J. E. Stets (Eds.), Violence in dating relationships (pp. 3-32). New York: Praeger .
- Sugarman, D.B., & Hotaling, G.T. (1991). Dating violence: A review of contextual and risk factors. In B. Levy (Ed.), Dating violence: Young women in danger (pp. 100-118). Seattle, WA: Seal Press .
- Tang, C.S., Critelli, J.W., & Porter, J.F. (1995). Sexual aggression and victimization in dating relationships among Chinese college students . Archives of Sexual Behavior, 24, 47-53 .[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Tang, C. S-K., Wong, D., & Cheung, F. M-C. (2002). Social construction of women as legitimate victims of violence in Chinese societies . Violence Against Women, 8, 968-996 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Tang, S.K. (2002). Childhood experience of sexual abuse among Hong Kong Chinese college students . Child Abuse and Neglect, 26, 23-37 .[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
[Order article via Infotrieve]
- Wang, W. (2003, July 17). Through effective psychological help, the shadow of child sexual abuse will not follow the victim all along (Tong guo you xiao de xin li bang zhu, er tong xing qin fan yin ying bu hui ban zhong sheng) . China Youth Daily. Retrieved May 17, 2006, from http://zqb.cyol.com/content/2003-07/17/content_698620.htm
- Wang, X. (1999). Why are Beijing women beaten by their husbands? A case analysis of family violence in Beijing . Violence Against Women, 5, 1493-1504 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Wang, X.Y., & Ho, P.S.Y. (2007). My sassy girl: Women's aggression in dating relationships in Beijing . Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 22, 623-638 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Weber, I. (2002). Shanghai baby: Negotiating youth self-identity in urban China . Social Identities, 8, 347-368 .[CrossRef]
- Weedon, C. (1997). Feminist practice and poststructuralist theory (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell .
- Xu, X., Campbell, J.C., & Zhu, F-C. (2001). Intimate partner violence against Chinese women: The past, present, and future . Trauma, Violence, and Abuse, 2, 296-315 .[Abstract/Free Full Text]
- Yan, J. (2002). A feminine expression of mysticism, romanticism, and syncretism in a plaint of Lady Wang . Inter-Religio, 42, 3-20 .
- Zhang, Q. (2003, May 19). How to avoid revictimization of child sexual abuse (Er tong xing qin fan ru he bi main die er ci shang hai) . Beijing Youth Daily. Retrieved May 17, 2006, from http://bjyouth.ynet.com/article.jsp?oid=2325626
- Zhang, X. (1982). Ling yu Rou (Body and linghun). Beijing: Shuofang .
Violence Against Women, Vol. 13, No. 12,
1319-1338 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1077801207310802

CiteULike Complore Connotea Del.icio.us Digg Reddit Technorati Twitter What's this?
|
|